Formal contracts related to lending and credit products—such as personal loans, mortgages, credit cards, and lines of credit—detailing loan amounts, interest rates, repayment schedules, and collateral. These records enable financial institutions to assess borrowers, track repayment patterns, and identify irregular credit usage.
Loan Agreements and Credit Facilities
Related Techniques
Includes records of credit terms, disbursement, and repayment schedules tied to Bill of Exchange discounting or financing. Cross-referencing these details can reveal repayment from illicit funds, early payoffs, or misalignment with legitimate trade flows.
- Provides details on trade finance and credit instruments, including letters of credit issued for diamond shipments.
- Helps uncover repeated financing requests tied to the same parcels at inflated valuations without sufficient justification.
Comprehensively details the underlying collateral, supporting documentation, and obligations used to secure financing. This is useful in uncovering inflated or duplicated invoices used as collateral to disguise nonexistent transactions and launder funds under the pretense of legitimate credit arrangements.
- Includes formal contracts and supporting details for loans, credit cards, and other financing.
- Helps confirm whether submitted documents (e.g., invoices, applications) align with legitimate funding needs or signal fraudulent borrowing.
- Allows investigators to cross-reference financed amounts with identified bogus claims, revealing potential false documentation or repetitive fraud patterns.
- Contains detailed loan contracts, repayment schedules, and credit facility terms for real estate acquisitions and refinances.
- Helps uncover rapid or repeated refinancing of properties soon after purchase, a tactic commonly used to layer or extract illicit proceeds in high-cash-flow real estate schemes.
- Contains records of loans, lines of credit, and the collateral used to finance trade transactions.
- Identifies multiple invoicing schemes where the same invoice or shipping documentation is submitted for repeated financing requests.
- Details formal credit arrangements between casinos, junket operators, and VIP customers, including loan amounts, interest rates, and repayment terms.
- Identifies large or unjustified credit lines granted without legitimate wealth documentation, raising suspicion of money laundering.
- Contains principal amounts, repayment schedules, collateral details, borrower-lender identities, and other obligations.
- Helps detect anomalies like repeated restructuring, strategic defaults, or nonexistent collateral arrangements.
- Enables verification of the stated loan purpose against the actual use of funds, exposing fictitious or sham loan agreements.
Documents details of credit lines, loan amounts, and collateral. By reviewing these records, one can detect overlapping or simultaneous financing instruments (e.g., multiple letters of credit) tied to the same underlying goods, revealing repeated invoice submissions.
- Include formal loan contracts and repayment schedules, detailing amounts, interest rates, terms, and associated collateral.
- Facilitate cross-checking of actual repayment transactions against agreed-upon schedules to detect unusual repayment acceleration or multiple overlapping payroll-deduction notes.
Includes detailed records of pre-shipment financing terms, such as loan amounts, repayment schedules, disbursement conditions, and collateral requirements. By comparing these agreements with purported export transactions, investigators can identify irregularities or inconsistencies that may indicate misuse of pre-shipment finance.
- Contains details of loans, collateral, repayment schedules, and borrower profiles.
- Detects suspicious collateral-based loans secured by precious metals or gemstones lacking proper ownership or origin documentation.
Contains contractual records of letter of credit issuances, amendments, and repayment terms. Analyzing these documents helps identify frequent amendments, unusually large advance payments, or other credit irregularities symptomatic of red/green clause abuse.
- Provides formal contracts outlining syndicated loan terms and structures, including participating lenders, interest rates, repayment schedules, and collateral.
- Facilitates identification of unusual or inflated loan amounts, repetitive amendments, or overlapping participants, revealing potential collusion or concealed beneficial ownership in trade finance arrangements.
These records provide details on the authorized borrower, repayment terms, and declared funding sources for loans and credit lines. By comparing actual repayments against documented agreements, financial institutions can detect suspicious third-party payments or structured deposits by individuals not listed in the contract, thereby uncovering potential layering or disguised ownership of funds.
Facilitates thorough verification of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and other trade finance instruments used in purported transactions. By reviewing loan terms, borrowing parties, repayment schedules, and beneficiary details, investigators can detect inflated or fraudulent trade transactions.
Provides detailed information on trade finance instruments such as letters of credit and bills of exchange, including payment terms, collateral details, and parties involved. This data source is pivotal for identifying unusual amendments, inflated administrative costs, and repetitive re-invoicing structures that obscure the true value or legitimacy of shipped goods in trade-based schemes.