Promissory Note

A negotiable instrument containing a written promise by one party to pay a specific sum of money to another party on demand or at a specified future date. Widely used in personal and commercial transactions for debt and credit arrangements.

[
Code
IN0057
]
[
Name
Promissory Note
]
[
Version
1.0
]
[
Category
Trade & Commercial Instruments
]
[
Created
2025-02-25
]
[
Modified
2025-04-02
]

Related Techniques

  • A formal promissory note serves as the official loan instrument that criminals establish or control.
  • By structuring periodic repayments via payroll deductions, they systematically layer illicit funds into the note’s repayment schedule.
  • Aligning repayments with normal pay cycles obscures suspicious early settlements or unexpectedly large installments, effectively disguising the illicit origin.
  • Criminals create forged promissory notes to simulate legitimate debt instruments, disguising reciprocal transfers of unlawful funds as loan disbursements or repayments.
  • These notes often omit verifiable collateral or reflect fraudulent lending terms, making it harder for financial institutions to spot irregularities.
  • Backdating or forging promissory notes enables criminals to obscure the origin of funds and create an artificial paper trail of “debt” obligations, further frustrating investigations.
  • Offenders fabricate entire promissory notes or tamper with key terms (e.g., principal, payee, due dates).
  • These fraudulent obligations create a facade of legitimate liabilities or repayment streams, providing a cover for illicit transfers or layering efforts.