This tactic focuses on the strategies and techniques used to transfer funds in a covert and efficient manner. It includes utilizing both formal financial institutions, such as banks and remittance services, and informal channels, such as hawala networks, digital currencies, and physical cash smuggling. The goal is to obscure the origin and destination of funds, making it difficult to track and disrupt financial flows.
Financial institutions monitor transactions for any unusual money flows, especially those involving remittance services, international wire transfers, digital currencies, and other financial channels that can be exploited. Behavioral indicators largely overlap with indicators of money laundering.
Examples:
- Cash Smuggling: This involves physically transporting large sums of cash across borders.
- Money Service Businesses: These offer quick and relatively anonymous ways to transfer funds globally.
- Formal Banking Systems: While facing stricter controls, banks can still be exploited for money transfers.
- Enhancement: Consider adding the following sub-framework.out_tactics:
- Informal Value Transfer Systems: This includes Hawala networks, which operate outside traditional financial systems.
- Exploiting New Technologies: Terrorist groups may increasingly leverage cryptocurrencies and online payment platforms to move money.